History
1250
General
Population: 417 Million*
- Entertainment: "Easter Play of Muri" starts German drama
Start of high Gothic period of German art
Yukinaga Shinanozenji writes epic
Novelette Romance of the Rose written
Start of choral Passion singers
Small, portable organ invented
Vincent of Beauvais publishes an encyclopedia
- Fashion: Hats become the trend
- Religion: End of war between Holy Roman Empire and papal allies
Pope Innocent IV gains independence for Papacy
- Science: Jordanus Rufus publishes veterinary manual
Roger Bacon invents magnifying glass
- Technology: Goose quills used for writing
- Warfare: Gunpowder introduced to Europe
- Deaths: Fibonacci, Frederick II dies and is succeeded by Conrad IV HRE
Africa
- Chad: Kanem kingdom in Lake Chad region begins to break up
- Egypt: Ayyubids out of power in Egypt - last leader murdered as Mamluks from central Asia take power
Start of decline of Coptic language and increase of mosque building
Saracens capature Louis IX in Egypt but he is ransomed
Americas
- North America: Colorado cliff buildings built
Towns and ceremonial centers built in Mississippi basin
Maya revival as new capital built at Mayapan
- South America: Chimu people expand in Peru
Asia
- India: Jain Temple built in Mount Abu
Johannes Church in Thorn (Torun) in India
Europe
- France: Saracens capture Louis IX, ransomed
Establishment of four national colleges at Paris University
- Germany: Building begins on St. Thomas Church in Leipzig
Synagogue built at Worms
- Holy Roman Empire: Death of Frederick II and end of war between HRE and papal allies, Conrad IV HRE to 1254
- Italian States: Commercial and industrial boom in northern and central Italian cities
- Spain: Synagogue built in Toledo
- Sweden: Valdeman I becomes King of Sweden
Middle East
- Damietta surrendered to crusaders
- Seventh Crusade kills 10,000