History
1538
General
Population: 490 Million*
- Entertainment: Writers include Marot Thirty Psalms of David, Paul Tebhun (early German verse drama), Melanchthon (ethics)
Art includes Titian "The Urbino Venus"
- Geography: Mercator uses name America for first time – also N America
- Deaths: Artist Albrecht Altdorger,
Americas
- Colombia: Bogota founded by Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada
Asia
- India: Ottoman naval expedition attacks Portuguese possessions in India - Portugese defeat the attack by Ottoman and Gujarati forces
Europe
- General: Truce of Nice between France and Spain
- England: Destruction of relics and shrines in southern England and Thomas a Becket's shrine at Canterbury
English begin keeping records of births deaths and marriages
- German States: Calvin is expelled from Geneva and settles in Strasbourg
- Italian States: Palladio creates Villa Godi in Lonedo
Mt. Vesuvius erupts forming new crater
- Scotland: James V of Scotland marries Mary of Guise
Middle East
- General: Ottoman Turks overrun Red Sea coast of Arabia
- Ottoman Empire: Ottomans defeat Christian fleet at Prevesa