PEACH

History

1540

Population: 492 Million*

Entertainment: Writers include Sir Davis Lindsay (morality play), Augustinus Steuchus De perenni philisiphia, Menno Simmons publishes "Book of Basics" to lead Anabaptists into ways of non-violence
Art includes Titian "A Young Englishman"
Medicine: Michael Servetus discovers pulmonary circulation of the blood
Religion: Order of the Jesuits (Society of Jesus) confirmed by Pope Paul III
Science: Ether produced from alcohol and sulfuric acid
Deaths: Humanist philosopher Juan Louis Vives, Painter Francesco Mazzola (Parmigianio), Politician Thomas Cromwell (executed), Historian Francesco Guiccardini

North America: Spanish arrive in California
G. L. de Cardenas discovers the Grand Canyon in Arizona
De Soto explores American South-east - After arson kills 2500 natives, de Soto's expedition ambushed by Choctaw and 200 Spaniards killed

General: Treaty between Venice and Turkey signed at Constantinople
Belgium: Antwerp becomes most important commercial city
England: Official marriage between Henry VIII and Anne of Cleves – annulled by convocation of Canterbury and York – Henry marries Catherine Howard – his fifth wife
Thomas Cromwell executed – Lord Treasurer Norfolk – uncle of Catherine Howard – becomes successor
Henry VIII founds regius professorships of Greek, Hebrew, divinity, civil law, and physics at Oxford and Cambridge
(Little) Jack Horner sent to deliver deeds of church properties to King Henry VIII concealed in Christmas pie to fool robbers – Horner stole and kept one
France: François Clouet becomes court painter to King Francis I
German States: German fashion for men is to have jackets with huge padded shoulders and brightly colored doublets
Italian States: Philip son of Charles V made Duke of Milan
Famine on Sardinia
Low Countries: Gerhardus Mercator finishes his first map of world