PEACH

History

1561

Population: 509 Million*

Entertainment: Writers include William Baldwin A Marvellous History entitled Beware the Cat, Sir Thomas Hoby (translation of Baldassare), Thomas Sackville and Thomas Norton (historical tragedy), Julius Caesar Scaliger Poetics (posthumous), Thomas Norton (translation of Calvin's Institution of the Christian Religion),
Medicine: Gabriele Gallopois writes "Observationes anatomicae"
Military: Forerunners of hand grenades first made
Sports: Ruy Lopez develops in Spain the modern technique of chess playing
Deaths: Musician Louis Bourgeois, Arist and pupil of Michelangelo Alonso Berruguete,

General: English sea captain John Hawkins starts English slave trade when he takes 300 African slaves from a Portuguese ship bound for Brazil

India: Rise of Mughols under Akbar I
Portuguese monks in Goa introduce printing to India

General: Tulips from Near East first come to Western Europe
Belgium: Cornelis Floris starts the Antwerp Town Hall
England: Mary Queen of Scots returns to Scotland to restore Catholicism - denied passage through England on returning from France – lands at Leith Scotland
First Calvinist refugees from Flanders settle in England
Merchant Taylors' School in London founded
St. Paul's Cathedral in London badly damaged by fire
France: Edict of Orleans suspends persecution of Huguenots
Holy Roman Empire: Baltic states of the Order of the Teutonic Knights secularized
Palladio creates Convent of the Carita in Venice
Italian States: Michelangelo starts the St. Maria degli Angeli in Rome
Poland: Creation of Duchy of Courland in Poland area
Russia: Basilica of St. Basil in Moscow founded
Scotland: Scottish Church ministers draw up confessions of faith based on Knox's works
Mary, Queen of Scots rules as mother (the regent) passes on her rule
Mary returns to Scotland to restore Catholicism
Spain: Madrid declared capital of Spain by Philip II