History
1619
General
Population: 542 Million*
- Entertainment: Writers include Beaumont and Fletcher (plays), Honorat Racan (pastoral poem), Georg Rudolf Weckherlin (poems),
Johann Valentin Andreae Christianopolis, Jakob Bohme (Christian principles), Hugo Grotius (Christianity), Pietro Sarpi (Council of Trent)
Art includes Reubens (portrait of son Nicholas), Velazquez "Adoration of the Kings",
Music includes Marco da Gagliano "Medoro" opera, Heinrich Schutz "Psalms", Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck "Cantiones sacrae", Francis Tregian collects early keyboard music
- Mathematics: John Napier introduces logarithmic calculation
- Medicine: William Harvey begins work on circulation of blood in London
- Religion: Lucilio Vanini the Italian Catholic philosopher burned as a heretic
Humanist Lucilio Vanini tortured and burned for atheism - suggested human descent from apes
- Science: John Bainbridge writes description of comet
Johannes Kepler develops laws of planetary motion
- Deaths: Shakespearean actor Richard Burbage, Emperor Matthias, Poet Samuel Daniel, Lucilio Banini (burned), Artist Locovico Carraci,
Artist Nicholas Hilliard, Humanist Lucilio Vanini (burned)
Asia
- Indonesia: Dutch begin to establish monopoly of spice trade in Moluccas and Indonesia
- Java: Jan Pieters Coen the Dutch explorer founds Batavia on Java (now Djakarta) – capital of Dutch East India Company
Europe
- Czechoslovakia: Count von Thurn leads Bohemian patriots toward Vienna then withdraws
Bohemian Diet (Protestant) deposes Ferdinand and elects Frederick V -
Elector Palatin (son-in-law of James I of England) king of Bohemia – Frederick "The Winter King" crowned in Prague
- England: Dulwich College in London founded by Edward Alleyn
Inigo Jones creates Banqueting House in Whitehall
- France: Maria di Medici challenges power of her son Louis XIII of France – Louis recalls Richelieu from Avignon to prevent revolt –
marches his army into Angers and defeats supporters of Maris dé Medici – treaty of Angouleme ends conflict
- German States: Giro-Bank of Hamburg founded to improve state of currency
- Holy Roman Empire: Death of Emperor Matthias – Archduke Ferdinand assumes crown of Bohemia and elected HRE Ferdinand II in Protestant coup
- Transylvania: Bethlen Gabor of Transylvania after invading Hungary allies self with Count Thrun – captures Pressburg crosses Danube and retreats from Vienna
General
- Mayflower sails - laws considered that would become Mayflower Compact
South
- Virginia: 20 black indentured servants arrive in Jamestown
First elected assembly meets under Governor Sir George Yeardley
Women arrive in Virginia