PEACH

History

1623

Population: 543 Million*

Entertainment: Writers include Antonio Hurtado de Mendoza (comedy), Philip Massinger (tragedy), Firsto folio of Shakespeare's works published, William Drummond (thoughts on death)
Art includes Bernini "David", Guido Reni "Baptism of Christ", Van Duck "Cardinal Ventivoglio", Rembrandt becomes pupil of Swaenburg in Leiden, Velazquez made court painter to Philip IV
Religion: Death of Pope Gregory XV – Maffeo Barberini becomes Pope Urban VIII
Science: Trial of Galigleo Galilei begins
Deaths: Composer William Byrd, Hidetada of Japan, Pope Gregory XV, Hindu poet Tulsi Das,

Japan: Death of Hidetada
Philippines: Dutch massacre English colonists at Amboyna in the Molucca Islands - destroys English trade in East Indies, Ayutthaya and Japan in retaliation of 1622 massacre

General: Thirty Years' War - Count Tilly defears Christian of Brunswick at Stadtlohn and advances to Westphalia
Duke of Buckingham and Charles Prince of Wales visit Spain in failed attempt to negotiate marriage treaty
England: Duke of Buckingham and Charles Prince of Wales travels to Madrid to secure betrothal to Spanish princess – leaves at breakdown of talks
Sir Edward Conway made chief secretary of state
Inigo Jones builds Queen's Chapel at Westminster
Patents law to protect investors
France: François Mansart builds St. Marie de la Visitation in Paris
German States: Emperor Ferdinand II grants Maximilian Duke of Bavaria the Upper Palatinate
Italian States: Papal troops occupy the Valtelline
Maciej Sarbievski the "Polish Horace" crowned laureate in Rome by the Pope
Bibliotheca Palatina removed from Heidelberg to Rome
Sweden: Gustavus Adolphus reforms central administration of Sweden

General: Abbas I Shah of Persia conquers Baghdad
Ottoman Empire: Murad IV succeeds to the throne of Constantinople and embarks on campaign against the Janissaries
Persia: Commercial treaty between Holland and Persia