General
Population: 544 Million*
- Entertainment: Writers include Corneille (comedy), John Fletcher (tragedy), John FOrd (historical drama), Jean Mairet (French tragedy),
Milton Comus masque, Meric Casaubon (Marcus Aurelius),
The Oberammergau Passion Play given for first time – reenacted every ten years
Art includes Rembrandt "Artemisia", Zurbaran "The Siege of Cadiz", Peter Paul Reubens "Adoration of the Magi"
- Deaths: Commander Albrecht von Wallenstrin by assassination, Author George Chapman, Dramatist John Marston
, , English settlement at Cochin at Malabar,
Americas
- Curaçao: Island of Curacao captured by Dutch forces
Asia
- India: Taj Mahal construction begins
Europe
- England: Covent Garden Market in London opened
Smallpox outbreak
- German States: Flood
Founding of U of Utrecht
First passion play performed in Germany to mark the end of the plague
- Holy Roman Empire: Emperor Ferdinand II for second time deprives Wallenstrin of his command – declaring him a traitor – Matthias Gallas made Commander in Chief – assassination of Albrecht von Wallenstrin the military leader of Thirty Years' War
- Poland: Treaty of Polianovska – King Vladislav of Poland renounces claim to Russia
- Sweden: Swedish army defeated at battle of Nordlingen – Wurttemberg and Franconia reconquered by imperial forces
Middle East
- Dzungar: Creation of nation of Dzungar in Near East to 1757