PEACH

History

1878

Population: 1.37 Billion*

Entertainment: Writers include Theodor Fontane, Thomas Hardy, Rene Sully-Prudhomme, Swinburne, WEH Lecky (history), Charles Pierce, George Romanes
Music includes Brahms, H.M.S. Pinafore debuts, AW Ambrose
George Grove begins dictionary of music and musicians
Art includes William Morris paints "The Decorative Arts"
Libel action Whistler v. Ruskin over Ruskin's essay
Medicine: First use of iodoform as antiseptic
Religion: Death of Pope Pius IX – Cardinal Count GIoacchino Vincenzo Raffaele Luigi Pecci Carpineto succeeds as Leo XIII
Christian Revival Association in London renamed Salvation Army
Technology: Thomas Swan of England invents lightbulb plus Edison invents lightbulb
David Hughes invents the microphone
Benz builds motorized tricycle at 7 mph
Mannlicher produces repeater rifle
Deaths: Artist Charles Daubigny, Pope Pius IX, Victor Emmanuel II of Italy, Dramatist Karl Gutzkow,

General: Treaty of San Stefano then Congress of Berlin ends Russo-Turkish War and allows for freedom of some Balkan countries
Austria-Hungary: Gains control of Bosnia-Herzegovina
Bulgaria: Independence from Turkey
France: World Expo in Paris
Germany: Attempt to assassinate Emperor William I
Anti-Socialist Law enacted under Bismarck dismantles German Social Democratic Party
First European crematorium established at Gotha Germany
Historian Heinrich Tritschke begins racial anti-Semitic movement and Berlin court preacher Adolf Stoecker founds Christlich-Siziale Arbeiterpartei
Great Britain: Christian Revival Association in London renamed Salvation Army
Bicycle Touring Club founded in England
Electric street lightning is introduced in London
"Jingoist" war fever in Britain
Ellen Terry joins Irving's Company at the Lyceum Theater in London
CID New Scotland Yard established in London
Cleopatra's Needle (once in Heliopolis) removed from Alexandria to London
Deutscher Fussballverein in Hanover founded
Greece: War declared on Turkey
Italy: Death of Victor Emmanuel II King of Italy – son Humbert I rules
Beginning of Irredentist agitation in Italy to obtain Trieste and South Tirol from Australia
Netherlands: Compulsory education in Holland
Romania: Independence from Turkey
Russia: Britain under Disraeli wins diplomatic victory over Russia
Serbia: Independence from Turkey

Garnier designs the Casino at Monte Carlo,

Afghanistan: Second Afghan War begins with British invasion of Afghanistan to counter Russian influence
Ottoman Empire: Russo-Turkish war - Turks at Shipka Pass and plead with Russia for peace – Russians take Adrianople – British fleet at Constantinople – Turkish-Russian armistice signed (Treaty of San Stefano), Anglo-Turkish agreement to check Russian advance – Treaty of Berlin ends conflict