PEACH

History

1885

Population: 1.45 Billion*

Entertainment: Writers include Paul Bourget, Richard Burton The Arabian Nights, Maupassant, George Meredith, George Moore, Walter Pater, Tolstoy, Zola, Becque, H Rider Haggard writes King Solomon's Mines, Albert Sorel, Henry Maine writes about popular government, Karl Marx's Das Kapital part 2 published posthumously
Music includes Brahms, Cesar Franck, Gilbert and Sullivan create The Mikado, Strauss
Art includes Van Gogh's The Potato Eaters, Cézanne, Toulouse-Lautrec begins work
Medicine: Pasteur devises rabies vaccine to cure hydrophobia
Science: Glaton proves individuality of fingerprints
Technology: Benz is first to sell motor cars - first practical auto
Daimler creates internal combustion engine and motorcycle
Karl Auer von Welsbach invents the incandescent gas mantle
Eastman manufactures coated photographic paper
First skyscraper created
Linotype printing introduced
Deaths: Victor Hugo, Artist Karl Spitzweg, Author Edmond About, Writer Helen Hunt Jackson, Musician Leopold Damrosch, Soldier Charles G. Gordon (at fall of Khartoum), Writer Juliana Horatia, Alfonso XII of Spain, Ulysses S. Grant, Emily Dickinson

General: Conference in Berlin regarding African colonization
Germany annexes Tanganyika and Zanzibar
End of European distribution of Africa,
Abyssinia: (Ethiopia) Italians occupy Massawa and begin to advance inland
Bechuanaland: (Botswana) British protectorate
Congo: (Congo Free State) Belgian King Leopold II claims land as personal possession
German East Africa: Established
Nigeria: Britain declared protectorate
South Africa: Cape railroad reaches Kimberley
Sudan: Muslim leader the Mahdi takes Khartoum from Egypt – General Gordon killed in fighting
British evacuate Sudan
Death of the Mahdi

General: Chinese troops defeat French force at Langson
France gains protectorates over Annam and Tonkin (Indochina/Vietnam) – recognized by China
Burma: Last Burmese dynasty - Konbaung Dynasty
Third Burmese War begins
India: Foundation of Indian National Congress in Bombay (Mumbai)
Kashmir earthquake
Korea: Britain occupies Port Hamilton
New Guinea: Goldfields open
Annexed by Britain and Germany

General: Tension between Austria and Russia over Bulgaria destroys League of Three Emperors
End of major decade of founding of Socialist parties in Europe
Bulgaria: Unity as East Rumelia the Ottoman Empire province annexed into current Bulgaria area
France: Primary education made compulsory
Germany: First Leipzig Fair
First automobiles built
Great Britain: First English electrical tram car in Blackpool
Home rule bill for Ireland introduced into British Parliament
Sarah Ann Henly tries to commit suicide by jumping off the Avon bridge but skirts slow down her descent died 62 years later
Salisbury replaces Gladstone as Prime Minister of Britain
British John Lee couldn't be hung after three attempts – later emigrates to US
Spain: Earthquake in Granada
Death of King Alfonso XII of Spain – Maria Christina the Queen becomes regent and posthumous son Alfonso XIII rules next year