General
Population: 1.51 Billion*
- Entertainment: Art includes the Art Nouveau movement, Cezanne paints "The Cardplayers", Frederick Leighton paints "The Bath of Psyche", Giobanni Segantini paints "Plowing in the Engadine"
Music includes Strauss, Bruckner, Borodin, Mascagni, Tchaikovski's Sleeping Beauty
Writers include Ibsen, Knut Hamsun, Tolstoy, Hall Caine, Wilde writes "The Picture of Dorian Gray", Alfred Marshall, William Booth, JG Frazer, William James
- Medicine: Rubber gloves used for first time in surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital in MD
Global influenza epidemics
- Science: Excavations produce Java man skeletons
TG Curtius produces azoimide from organic sources
Weismann speculates regarding meiosis and describes it
Emil von Behring announces discovery of antitoxins
- Weather: End of little ice age – start of rise of temperatures 0.18 degree Fahrenheit every decade
- Death: Cardinal John Henry Newman, Novelist Gottfried Keller, Archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann, Composer Cesar Franck, Sitting Bull, Poet John Boyle O'Reily,
Vincent Van Gogh, Circus proprietor Charles Forepaugh, Banker Junius S. Morgan
Africa
- General: Britain gives Germany Heliogoland in exchange for Pembra and Zanzibar - Britain controls Uganda and Nyasaland too
- Cape Colony: Cecil Rhodes becomes Premier
- South Africa: Drought
- Southwest: Hendrik Witbooi leads first Nama rebellion against Germans
Americas
- General: Pan-American conference held
- Chile: Natural nitrates exported for use in fertilizers and explosives
Asia
- General: Cheap cotton goods produced in India, China and Japan undercuts European industry
End of Russian expansion in Asia
- Indonesia: Excavations begin in Java, producing hominid skeletons
- Japan: General election first held
Europe
- General: William II and Alexander III meet at Narva
- France: Protective tariffs adopted
- Germany: Kaiser Wilhelm II rules as emperor
Bismarck resigns over differences with Kaiser
German Social Democrats adopt Marxist program at Erfurt Congress
- Great Britain: First English electrical power station
Forth Railway Bridge near Edinburgh completed – enables railroad system from England to Scotland
- Netherlands: Accession of Queen Wilhelmina – Luxembourg separated from Netherlands
- Switzerland: Swiss government introduces social insurance
Middle East
Pacific