General
Population: 2.26 Billion*
- Entertainment: Films include Pygmalion, Le Quai des Brumes, The Lady Vanishes (Hitchcock), Bank Holiday, You Can't Take It With You
Musicians include Honegger, Bela Bartok, Gian Carlo Menotti, Richard Strauss, Werner Egk, Kurt Weill, Walter Piston
Benny Goodman adds big band style to swing
Writers include William Faulkner, Graham Greene, Thornton Wilder (Our Town), Sinclair Lewis,
Ernest Hemingway, Archibald MacLeish, Lewis Mumford, John Dewey, George Santayana
French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre publishes Nausea
Australian-born Errol Flynn stars in The Adventures of Robin Hood
Lambeth Walk becomes fashionable dance
Popular Songs include "A Tisket A Tasket", "Jeepers Creepers", "You Must Have Been A Beautiful Baby"
- Fashion: Levi registers cloth pocket tab as trademark
- Medicine: Penicillin discovered
- Science: Fission reaction discovered
Franz Boas writes about general anthropology
Albert Einstein and Leopold Infeld writes about the evolution of physics
Lancelot Hogben writes about science for the citizen
Grote Reber receives short waves from Milky Way
Karter Salomon and Fritzsche chemically identify vitamin E
Isolation of pyridoxine (vitamin B6)
- Technology: Perlon invented
- Deaths: Gabriele D'Annunzio, Constantin Stanislavsky, Clarence Darrow, Poisoned rice cakes kill 15
Africa
- Madagascar: Coelacanth rediscovered between island and South Africa
Americas
- General: Pan American conference adopts declaration against outside aggression
- Argentina: Hungarian journalist Lazlo Biro and brothers invent ballpoint pen
- Mexico: Oil nationalized and British Oil companies taken over
Asia
- General: Fighting between Japan and Soviets on Manzhouguo-Soviet border
- China: Chinese-Japanese war - Japan wins victories and captures Canton (Guangzhou) and Hankou
Yellow River flood kills between 500,000 and 700k
1000 die when Chinese steamship Kiang Hsin bombed by Japanese
Japanese enter Tsingtao install Chinese puppet government in Nanking withdraw from League and take Canton and Hankow
- Indonesia: Offshore quake measures 8.5
- Japan: Takata notes connection between sunspot and illness cycles in humans
Europe
- General: Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain signs Munich Pact agreement with Hitler at Munich and claims he had won "peace with honor," settles Germany's occupation of the Sudetenland
- Austria: Munich Pack - France and Britain allow Hitler to partition CzechoslovakiaChancellor Kurt von Schuschnigg of Austria resigns – succeeded by Artur von Seyss-Inquart a Nazi supporter
Neville Chamberlain predicts "peace in our time" while signing agreement with Adolph Hitler
Hitler invades as invited - compels union with Germany (Anschluss)
- Czechoslovakia: After Hitler declares he has no interest in the land, pressure made to surrender to Germans
Sudenten Germans in Czechoslovakia demand autonomy – first Czechoslovakia crisis - Germany occupies Sudetenland
Emil Hacha installed as puppet President
- Hungary: Annexation of south Slovakia
- Italy: Mussolini and Hitler meet in Rome
Anti-Jewish legislation enacted
- Germany: Hitler appoints self war Minister
Pogroms in Germany
Oskar Kokoschka leaves Germany and settles in England
Widespread riots against Jews (Kristallnacht)
- Great Britain: Eden resigns in protest against Chamberlain's policy – Churchill leads country's outcry
SS Queen Elizabeth launched
Women's Voluntary Services founded in Britain by Lady Reading
King George VI visits Paris
Gas masks issued to British civilians during the Munich crisis
British passenger liner Queen Mary crosses Atlantic in under four days
British surgeon Philip Wiles develops artificial hip replacement
- Soviet Union: Stalin purges army
USSR show trials condemn Bukharin Rykov and Jagoda
- Spain: Franco recaptures Teurel takes Vinaroz and begins offensive in Catalonia
Civil war
Middle East
- Palestine: Conflict between Jews and Arabs
- Turkey: Death of Turkish statesman Kemal Ataturk and Ismet Inonu becomes president
Pacific