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General

Population: About 162 million*

• Births: Socrates (470 BC)
• Entertainment: "Victorious Charioteer" statue at Delphi created (478 BC)
  "Phoenissae" the Greek tragedy about the PErsian wars created (475 BC)
  Aeschylus writes "The Persians" tragedy (472 BC)
  Aeschylus introduces second actors, protagonists, and chorus into plays (471 BC)
• Religion: Death of Confucius (479 BC)
  Death of Mahavira Vardhamma leader of Jainism (470 BC)
• Technology: Steel created in India (475 BC)
• Warfare: Battle of Plataea - Greeks defeat Persians (479 BC)
  Sparta withdraws from Persian alliance (478 BC)
• Deaths: Kung Fu-tse (Confucius) (479 BC), 306 Roman Fabii (477 BC), Mahavira Vardhamma of Jainism (477 ir 470 BC)

Africa

• General: Carthagenian Hanno sails down African coast to Cameroon (470 BC)

Asia

• India: Death of Jainism leader and reformer Vardhamana (477 BC)

Europe

• General: Hiero the tyrant of Syracuse calls poets Aeschylus, Pindar, and Bacchylides to court (478 BC)
  Greek Delian league sails amongst Aegean islands to protect against Persian attacks (477 BC)
• Greece: Tsunami in Gulf of Kassandra (479 BC)
  Spartans and Athenians stop influx of Persians (479 BC)
  Themistocles expands Athens' navy and tries to unite Greece
  Delians league founded in opposition to Themistocles (478 BC)
  Walls of Athens rebuilt and re-fortified (478 BC)
  Marble temple of Apollo at Delphi created (478 BC)
  Rise of Athens (477 BC)
  Themistocles banished from Greece (471 BC)
• Italian States: Eruption of Mt. Etna (477 BC)
  Death of 306 Roman Fabii in battle with Etruscans(477 BC)
  End of Wars of Sicily with 20,000 dead (474 BC)
  Plebians in Rome choose own tribune (471 BC)

Middle East

• General: Persians capture and destroy Babylon (479 BC)