General
Population: Perhaps 100 million*
- Births: Xerxes of Persia (519 BC),
Greek philosopher Parmenides (515 BC)
Asia
- India: Conquest of Indus valley by Persians (518 BC)
Europe
- General: Celts settle in Britain and France (510 BC)
- Eastern Europe: Darius of Persia invades south-east Europe
- Greece: Athens founded as city-state to 322 BC (510 BC)
Sons of Peisistratus overthrown in Greece (510 BC)
Cleisthenes introduces democratic reforms in Athens (510 BC)
- Italian States: Etruscans expelled from Rome ending kingdom - Republic founded (510 BC)
Tarquinius Superbus of Rome overthrown by rebellion (510 BC)
Middle East
- Judaea: Temple capstone relaid (515 BC)
- Persia: Height of Achemenid Persian Empire (515 BC)
Darius and Persians begin conquest (512 BC)