General
Population: Perhaps 100 million*
- Mathematics: Pythagoras era (582 BC)
- Religion: Prophet Jeremiah flees to Egypt (585 BC)
- Science: Thales of Milletus accurately predicts solar eclipse and develops early mathematics (585 BC)
- Warfare: Egyptian conquest of Babylon kills 5000 (586 BC)
- Deaths: Sappho of Lesbos or 570 (580 BC)
Americas
- General: Arrival of family of Lehi in New World (589 BC)
Europe
- Greece: School of philosophy develops in Ionia (580 BC)
Middle East
- General: Start of Babylonian-Phoenician War (583 BC)
- Babylon: Nebuchadnezzar begins building hanging gardens (586 or 580 BC)
- Judaea: Prophet Jeremiah flees to Egypt (585 BC)
Nebuchadnezzar II burns Jerusalem (587, 586 or 581 BC)