General
Population: Between 190 and 230 million*
- Deaths: East Roman Emperor Heraclius, Oswald of Northumbria and Bernicia
Africa
- Caliph Omar conquers Egypt
Cairo founded
Great fire of Alexandria's library
Saracens control much of Egypt - all but Alexandria
Asia
Europe
- Eastern Europe: Armenian architecture flourishes
- England: Death of Oswald king of Northumbria and Bernicia - Oswiu (Oswy) becomes king
- Spanish States: Chindaswinth named king of Visigoths
Middle East
- Byzantine Empire: Death of East Roman Emperor Heraclius - Constans II Pogonatus becomes Byzantine emperor
Destruction of Alexandrian school and book copying industry by Muslims
Great fire of Alexandria's library
- Persia: Arabs under Omar defeat Persian empire caliphs rule country until 1258
Islam replaces Zoroastrianism in Persia
End of Moslem Conquest of Persia with 25,000 dead
- Syria: Muslims conquer Syria