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General

Population: Between 190 and 230 million*

• Warfare: Second Punic War begins between Roman and Carthage as Hannibal crosses Alps (219-218 BC)
  Hannibal annihilates Roman army at Battle of Cannae near Lake Trasimene - 50,000 killed (217-216 BC)
  Philip V of Macedon makes pact with Hannibal (216 BC)
  Hannibal attacks Rome (211 BC)
• Deaths: Greek poet Apollonius of Rhodes (215 BC), Mathematician Archimedes (212 BC), Emperor Shi Huang-di (212 BC)

Africa

• Carthage: Hannibal defeats Roman army (217-216 BC)
  Roman general Marcus Marcellus defeats Hannibal at Nola (215 BC)
• North: Earthquake near Egypt kils 50,000-75,000 (217 BC)

Asia

• China: Start of construction of Great Wall (215-214 BC)
  Emperor Qin Shi Huang burns writings of some dissident scholars and executes some (215-212 BC)
  Death of Qin emperor Shih Huang-di (212 BC)
  First earthen wall of China finished (210 BC)
• India: Mahayana Buddhism reaches southern India (210 BC)

Europe

• General: Phillip of Macedon attacks Rome starting first Macedonian War to 205 BC (215 BC)
• Roman Empire: Avalanches in Italian Alps kills 18,000 Carthaginians (218 BC)
  Hannibal crosses Alps and takes Turin starting Second Punic War - conflict at rivers Ticinus and Trebia (218 BC)
  Rome appoints Quintus Fabius Maximus as dictator (217 BC)
  Start of conquest of Sicily from Carthaginian Greeks (214 BC)
  Romans besiege and take Syracuse in Sicily - Archimedes killed (212 BC)
  Hannibal attacks (211 BC)
  Conquest of Sicily from the Carthaginians (210 BC)
• Spanish States: Roman armies enter Spain (215 BC)
  Roman armies defeated (211 BC)