General
Population: Perhaps 10,000 - 1 million*
- Humans: Interbreeding between humans and Neanderthals (79K BC)
Neanderthals use speech (75K BC)
Homo sapiens reduced to about 10,000 individuals after Toba eruption (73K BC)
Neanderthals use stone tools and fire (70K BC)
- Technology: Stone lamps in use (79K BC)
Asia
- Indonesia: Toba eruption produces volcanic winter - reduces human population (73K BC)